Relative Illiquidity
The factor is designed to capitalize on the persistent effect of assets with higher relative illiquidity tending to outperform, among the mid/large cap digital assets.
Relative illiquidity is calculated by taking the arithmetic mean of half a dozen relative liquidity metrics - ratios, where the denominator is usually market capitalization of the asset. Among them are: volume, open interest, order book depth, spread, and 4 more. The metrics are aggregated across the top 10 most reputable exchanges.
The asset universe consists of the most liquid and actively traded assets, identified on rolling basis - various techniques employed to keep it both stable and relevant, as well as survivorship-bias free.
To balance each asset's risk contribution, positions are scaled according to the inverse of their rolling volatility.
The factor is available (point-in-time) with hourly updates, 5 minutes past the hour (UTC).
Download data
| Benchmark (BTC) | Portfolio | |
|---|---|---|
0.86 | 1.27 | |
39.6% | 36.9% | |
0.00 | 0.34 | |
1.00 | 0.03 | |
-76.6% | -36% | |
59.9% | 27.6% | |
0% | 24.2% | |
100% | 20.8% | |
100% | 184.6% |
Period: Jan 1, 2020 – Jul 20, 2026
Performance
Report Period Start Date Jan 2020 · End Date Jul 2026Cumulative Returns
MTD−3.2%
Last Month−6.3%
1M−5.8%
3M−8.9%
YTD−9.1%
Annualised Returns (CAGR)
1Y3.1%
3Y38.2%
5Y32.0%
SI36.9%
Risk Profile
Realised Volatility (annualised)
1M17.5%
3M23.4%
1Y20.1%
3Y24.4%
5Y23.0%
SI27.6%
Max Drawdown
%−36.0%
Date2021-05-11
Monthly Returns Heatmap
| Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | −18.9% | +12.8% | −10.1% | +8.1% | +7.2% | +3.1% | −1.5% | +1.3% | +6.5% | −0.5% | +6.3% | +20.2% | +33.1% |
| 2021 | +49.0% | +35.4% | −2.0% | −14.0% | −9.8% | −3.5% | +3.1% | +9.3% | +6.8% | +3.0% | +12.3% | +6.7% | +119.8% |
| 2022 | −3.0% | −0.3% | −4.6% | −0.3% | −1.4% | +0.0% | −9.6% | +2.8% | −1.2% | +8.1% | −5.5% | +5.4% | −10.3% |
| 2023 | −7.2% | +0.5% | +4.6% | +4.4% | +1.5% | +0.9% | +11.5% | +5.1% | +1.4% | +6.4% | +1.5% | +2.3% | +37.0% |
| 2024 | −0.5% | +18.1% | −6.3% | +17.3% | −1.1% | +9.9% | +6.1% | +6.6% | −4.7% | −3.7% | +7.4% | +19.2% | +86.7% |
| 2025 | +1.6% | −2.7% | +18.5% | −5.8% | −0.7% | +4.0% | +3.4% | −5.1% | +0.6% | +6.6% | +8.6% | −1.4% | +28.4% |
| 2026 | +2.6% | −3.3% | +0.9% | −0.4% | +0.6% | −6.3% | −3.2% | — | — | — | — | — | −9.1% |
Rolling Metrics & Exposure
Net Exposure of Portfolio
Last 30 days hidden — subscribe for live portfolio weights.
Sharpe Ratio
Rolling 12 MonthsBeta
Rolling 12 Months - Benchmark: BTCPortfolio Variants
Current Weights
7/20/2026, 9:02:25 AM (UTC)
The portfolio is designed to be market-neutral on a volatilty-adjusted basis, therefore it may have net directional exposure on any given day. The weighting mechanism ensures that volatility-weighted directional exposure is negligible on the portfolio level.
| Ticker | Name | Arrival Price | Weight | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BTC | Bitcoin | 63953.043 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ETH | Ethereum | 1857.946 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| SOL | Solana | 76.034 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| XRP | Ripple | 1.087 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| DOGE | Dogecoin | 0.07169943211029534 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| SUI | Sui | 0.741 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| BNB | Binance Coin | 564.685 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ADA | Cardano | 0.162 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| LTC | Litecoin | 46.471 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| LINK | Chainlink | 8.322 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ONDO | ONDO | 0.341 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| AVAX | Avalanche | 6.506 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| DOT | Polkadot | 0.802 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| BCH | Bitcoin Cash | 211.696 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ENA | ENA | 0.0789672686772339 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| PEPE | PEPE | 0.00000282291720052 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| HBAR | Hedera | 0.06562324002072997 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| TRX | TRON | 0.326 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| AAVE | Aave | 89.862 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| FIL | Filecoin | 0.705 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| TAO | Bittensor | 193.662 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| WLD | WLD | 0.356 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| NEAR | NEAR Protocol | 1.922 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| UNI | Uniswap | 3.438 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| APT | Aptos | 0.585 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ETC | Ethereum Classic | 6.741 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| XLM | Stellar | 0.186 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ARB | Arbitrum | 0.08621326841793917 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| INJ | INJ | 5.132 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| POL | Polygon | 0.08048894771345709 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| SHIB | SHIB | 0.000004172474395988 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| JUP | JUP | 0.197 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| HYPE | HYPE | 60.627 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ICP | Internet Computer | 2.128 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| XMR | Monero | 332.299 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| AERO | AERO | 0.446 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ZEC | ZEC | 527.511 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| WLFI | WLFI | 0.056938603494937 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| ASTER | ASTER | 0.619 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| GRAM | GRAM | 1.52 USD | 0.00% | 2026-07-20T09:02:25.077183+00:00 |
| 0.00% | ||||
Properties
Cross-Sectional | |
Derivative Exchanges | |
400+ Tickers | |
None |
2024-01-01 | |
Daily | |
Hourly, 5 minutes past the hour (UTC) | |
Yes |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the construction methodology of the model portfolio on display? How do I replicate it?
The portfolio is constructed by applying cross-sectional binning - quantiles. This ensures that the weights are calculated in proportion to the strength of the factor. The assets are then weighted according to the inverse of their rolling volatility, to mitigate the impact of widely different volatilities of digital assets. We provide a replication notebook in the "Resources" section that will produce a very similar portfolio than what's shown on the site.
Is the raw factor data available?
Yes, we serve the raw factor data via the "portfolio/factors" endpoint, please see the API Docs for more information.
What is smoothing? Some factors have by default setting (eg. 10 Day Moving Average) applied. Why is that?
Some of the cross-sectional factors have very high turnover, and despite being highly predictive, the alpha does not survive transaction costs. Smoothing (applying a simple moving average) is a way to reduce the turnover and the impact of transaction costs.
What is the universe of assets? How is it determined? Is it survivorship-bias free?
The universe of assets (there are multiple variants, for example, top 20, 30, 40 market cap digital assets) is the most liquid and actively traded assets, identified on rolling basis - various techniques (volume, open interest, volatility filters) are employed to keep it both stable and relevant. The universe is survivorship-bias free.
What is the rebalancing frequency?
The portfolio is rebalanced daily, with hourly updates, 5 minutes past the hour (UTC), and available point-in-time.
What are the transaction cost / slippage assumptions?
There are 0.05% transaction costs applied on each position adjustment. This is a parameter that can be adjusted in the backtest settings. Slippage, spread is not considered in the simplistic backtest that's on our site. We encourage using an independent backtesting infrastructure to validate performance.
When have been the factors developed? Is there an out-of-sample period?
Our cutoff date for our research process is 2024-01-01, we consider any data onwards as out-of-sample. Many factors have been traded live in some form from 2025-01-01.
Some of the factors look great! Should I pick an individual factor and start trading it?
We recommend using a portfolio of factors to maximize risk-adjusted returns. Alpha from individual factors is simply not consistent enough, and even running a simple arithmetic average of 3-5 relatively orthogonal factors will produce superior results.
Replication & API
Relative Illiquidity Factor Analysis
Relative Illiquidity factor analysis with AlphaLens
Replicate Spectra — our flagship multi-factor portfolio
Reproduce Spectra, our 6-factor market-neutral portfolio, from its constituent Unravel factors
Replicate Portfolio Backtest
Replicate a portfolio backtest with Unravel API
Get Live Weights
Get the live weights of the portfolio or the live factor data
